3/17/2024 0 Comments Maxwell render materials layers![]() We also compare different in silico methods and discuss the interplay of these computational methods with experimental techniques. ![]() We first illustrate the needs, requirements, and challenges of operando characterization then provide an overview of relevant experimental techniques, including spectroscopy, scattering, microbalance, microprobe, and electron microscopy. ![]() This review focuses on the application of different operando characterization techniques in the study of OMIECs, highlighting the time-dependent and bias-dependent structure, composition, and morphology information extracted from these techniques. Operando characterization plays an important role in revealing the structure–property relationships of organic mixed ionic/electronic conductors (OMIECs), enabling the direct observation of dynamic changes during device operation and thus guiding the development of new materials.
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